Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands.
【重点短语】
greet each other 问候彼此
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
shake hands 握手
bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬
be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事
turn up 出现
hold out 伸出
it's impolite if... 如果...是不礼貌的
return the bow 回礼鞠躬
be relaxed 放松
drop by 顺便拜访
take off脱下; (飞机等)起飞;
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
clean…off 把…擦掉
heavy traffic 交通拥堵
get mad 大动肝火
go abroad 出国
be on time 准时
walk around 散步
make plans 制定计划
point at 指着
be not allowed to do 不允许做
【重点句型】
1. You are supposed to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
当你第一次遇到某人时，你应该握手。
2. Where I'm from, we're pretty relaxed about time.
在我们那个地方，我们对时间的要求相当宽松。
3. We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can!
我们经常只是在城镇中心走动，尽可能多地看望我们的朋友!
4. It is helpful to learn as many of these customs as possible.
尽可能多地学习这些习俗是有帮助的。
5. It is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
如果你想理解另一种文化，这点麻烦是值得的。
6. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。
7. Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.
另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着东西吃，甚至水果也不行。
8. When people meet for the first time in Japan, they are expected to bow.
在日本，人们第一次见面时应该鞠躬。
9. In my country, it’s considered strange to turn up on time.
在我的国家，准时到场会被认为很奇怪。
10. You’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table.
如果桌上有长辈，你不应该第一个开始吃饭。
11. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.
如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。
12. It’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.
把筷子插进食物里是不礼貌的。
13.You shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks, either.
你也不应该用筷子指着别人。
14. In Colombia, we don’t mind if people are a little late sometimes.
在哥伦比亚，我们不介意人们有时稍微迟到一点。
【语法知识】
be supposed to do基本结构与用法
1.基本结构
“be supposed to do”常用来表示某人应该或被认为应该做某事。
1)肯定句结构：be supposed to do sth.
例句：Students are supposed to arrive at school on time. 学生应该按时到校。
2)否定句结构：be not supposed to do sth.
例句：We are not supposed to leave the classroom without permission. 没有允许，我们不应该离开教室。
3)一般疑问句结构：Be+主语+be supposed to do sth.?
例句：Is he supposed to clean the blackboard after class?他应该在课后擦黑板吗?
2.基本用法
1)当主语是人时，“be supposed to do”常表示建议或劝告。
例句：Students are supposed to balance their study and leisure time effectively. 学生应该有效地平衡学习和休闲时间。
2)当主语是物或事时，它可以表示某事或物本应发生却未发生的情况，带有一定的责备意味。
例句：The new software was supposed to improve efficiency, yet it caused more problems than it solved. 这款新软件本应提高效率，但它带来的问题比解决的问题还要多。
3)完成时态的应用
我们还需要注意，“be supposed to have done”这一结构，它等同于“should have done”，用来表示“本该做某事而没做”，带有责备或遗憾的意味。
例句：You are supposed to have studied for the test, but you didn't. 你本该为考试复习的，但你没有。
3.suppose的用法
1)“suppose”后跟that从句或复合宾语
- “suppose”后面可以直接跟一个“that”引导的从句，表达某个假设或猜测。
例句：I suppose that the movie will be interesting. 我猜这部电影会很有趣。
- “suppose”还可以接复合宾语，即“suppose sb./sth. to be/do sth.”，用于表达对某人或某事的看法或猜测。
例句：We suppose the book to be very informative. 我们认为这本书很有教育意义。
2) “suppose”后接否定的宾语从句时，否定转移
值得注意的是，当“suppose”后面跟一个否定的宾语从句时，我们通常会将否定词放在主句，而不是直接放在从句中。这种语法现象叫做“否定转移”。
例句：I don't suppose that she will refuse to help us. 我想她不会拒绝帮助我们的。